PUTRAJAYA, July 30 - Doctors who fail to comply with the guidelines from the Health Ministry to detect the Influenza A (H1N1) infection much earlier will be called up by the Health Ministry for an explanation so that the problem would not recur.
The Director-General of Health Services, Tan Sri Dr Mohd Ismail Merican said the investigation was not meant to penalise the doctors concerned but to understand why they did not comply with the guidelines.
For this purpose, he said the Director of the Disease Control Division, Datuk Dr Hasan Abdul Rahman would instruct a team to question the doctors concerned to get further information on the medical examinations carried out.
“If there are doctors who still don't adhere to the guidelines issued by the ministry, we will call up the doctors concerned, ask them whether they understand (the guidelines issued).
“Some of them may not understand, so I will call them. Like in the case of the patient who died within 24 hours (first death of H1N1), he saw the doctor and after one hour, he died.
“So I want to find out from the doctor, did he examine the patient? And if so, why is it not recorded in the outpatient department (OPD) card? How can a patient collapse just like that?“ he said.
Dr Mohd Ismail said all doctors must also have their own computers with internet facilities to ensure that they kept abreast with current developments on the infection, particularly directives issued by the ministry on the matter.
“I was told that some doctors don't even own a computer, so please buy a computer, hook on to the internet and visit our (ministry's) website so that they will be up to date in the management of their patients, and it is not just for H1N1, it is for continual professional development (CPD).
“Find out what are the things that you need to do, be aware of things like guidelines about tamiflu, about wearing mask, about treating patients, everything is there. There is no excuse for people to say they do not know anything,” he said.
Dr Mohd Ismail said this when asked about the action to be taken against doctors who failed to adhere to the guidelines on examining Influenza A (H1N1) as stipulated by the Meeting of the Technical Committee on the Influenza A
(H1N1) yesterday. The guidelines which, among other things, stated that all severe cases of pneumonia for which a throat swab was required to be taken for Influenza A
(H1N1) tests and antiviral treatment given, were issued because there were doctors who failed to detect the ailment in the four fatal cases of Influenza A (H1N1) recorded earlier.
Asked whether the investigation was carried out in the four fatal cases earlier, Dr Mohd Ismail said so far the doctors concerned were only given reminders, and further action would depend on the subsequent developments.
He also said doctors could not refuse to see patients with influenza like illness (ILI) on their second visit, and the patients could actually insist on being tested for Influenza A (H1N1) on their second visit, if they had not recovered from their flu.
When asked about a case in Hospital Kuala Lumpur (HKL), where a patient suffering from asthma and suspected to be infected with H1N1 was asked to go home and rest instead, Dr Mohd Ismail said he would bring the matter up with HKL. - Bernama
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The MalaysianInsider has published this on 31 July 2009: H1N1 Measures: Confusion rather than Non-compliance
Malaysiakini too has published a version (31 July 2009) as Flu measures: Confusion rather than non-compliance
The news media appear to have started the blame game. More journalists are angling around the idea that because the H1N1 flu is fast spreading in the community and more and more people are reportedly succumbing to the infection, then there must be someone to blame, some agency which is at fault.
Perhaps the Health Ministry has not done enough, despite its earlier promise of containment and now mitigation. How is it that when we are now in mitigation phase, there are more people dying, comes the indignant cry of disbelief and alarm?
Sadly this is the myopic vision and misunderstanding of most people in this country. The Health Ministry and the Malaysian Medical Association (MMA) have been proactively warning of this possible scenario right from the outset of this pandemic.
But then many detractors (some tourism officials, air carriers, doctors even) have pooh-poohed our contingency plans as being too alarmist, too exaggerated, pointless even. They have been spreading counter messages that some of us have overstated the H1N1 flu threat, blowing things out of proportion, in our initial reaction to this 'benign' flu!
But I think we need not apologise for what our public health measures had been--these steps had been carefully put together according to well-thought out protocols accepted by health authorities, worldwide. It is precisely because these measures were put in place, that I think we managed to slow the unstoppable entry of this influenza into the country.
Believe it or not, our earlier stringent containment measures—which displeased many agencies, appear to have stemmed the more rapid spread of the H1N1 bug, until we are now closer to the more definitive vaccine, currently under tests.
We've also learnt from the mistakes, the resultant serious complications, the better management strategies of other countries with a runaway pandemic, such as Mexico, the United States, United Kingdom and Australia! It is our hope that we can now truly mitigate the final spread of this virus, decrease its lethality.
Perhaps, we may have a much greater chance to use the soon to be ready vaccine to help decrease the severity of this influenza, which has yet to show its potential true colors of devastation, yet to be played out...
Even among within some of our own physician communities, there have been suggestions to just let this pandemic loose into the community so that we can rapidly reach some form of spontaneous equilibrium, some herd cross-immunity, sooner.
The problem is no one wants to talk about the expected consequences of any outbreak, no matter how 'mild' or how 'generally benign' such pandemics appear to be at first glance.
Have we really considered the likely fatalities which must necessarily accompany this outbreak? Who should cope with explaining or even looking after the rising number of deaths and the very critically ill?
Now when the fatalities begin to ring in, we are suddenly sensitised to the rude truth that this H1N1 flu can kill. More disturbingly, the deaths so far have been unpredictable, the victims were not necessarily the most ill or immune-compromised to begin with, except for some comorbid features... obesity being one of them. And, these are relatively young people, who normally should not succumb to common cold/flu ailments...
To make matters worse, there appears to be more confusion on the ground. Guidelines and press releases are fine, but so far have been difficult to implement on the practical side, not necessarily due to not trying hard enough.
Reports from the mass media have been skewed differently by disparate interests, without giving the entire picture, but only highlighting preferred slants quite dependent upon the journalists covering the news, or even their editorialising staff.
Sadly, we do need all the mainstream and alternate media to play a more accurate and comprehensive role in educating and informing our citizens, not to play the blame game, nor second-guessing our hardpressed Health Ministry's personnel and facilities, or worse to apportion blame of inadequacy on the private sector, which has of late become the convenient 'whipping boy' of the media.
The dedicated H1N1 website (http://h1n1.moh.gov.my) by the MOH is not sufficiently updated and spot-on contemporary, being at least one to 2 weeks behind, except for the daily numbers and DG update. Unfortunately the website is entirely in Bahasa Malaysia, and this may discourage some people from accessing this site...
And again, how many of our citizens bother to check with these information on a compulsive manner, daily, to keep themselves totally abreast of the most current information?
Realities of the ground however, are proving to be tricky and frustrating. With the high alert mental state among some of our citizens, there has been growing exasperation for some people (including some foreigners, visitors) when trying to seek treatment and confirmation on what appears to be influenza-like illness (ILI).
Directives from the MOH are not entirely clear, and although on paper these may look good. The interpretation of what constitutes serious symptoms always pose a dilemma and a bone of contention with many a presenting patient, who demand to know for sure, to be tested and be confirmed (or dismissed), and treated appropriately, quickly.
There has been crescendoing demands for the Tamiflu antiviral drugs, which are now under strict control and distribution by the MOH. To be fair, this rationing is to prevent indiscriminate use and the possible creation of resistant strains of the H1N1 flu bug.
As of now, 21 major private hospitals have been supplied the Tamiflu antiviral drug to help look after the expected rise in H1N1 infections. Whether this stringent control is practical or simply too bureaucratic remains to be seen.
Conflicting media calls, purportedly attributed to the DG of Health, do not help the already pandemonic situation... At a press conference, a patient demanded to know why she could not be tested earlier despite having symptoms for a few days, when she had been sent away each time, by an MOH facility in KL, which prompted the DG of Health to reassure her that she should be examined and then tested. This was reported by The Star as “Docs cannot refuse requests for swabs to be taken”.
At my hospital there have angry demands for testing for the H1N1 virus: an irate expatriate father demanded to have the testing for his child who had been having mild fever for a few days, but with no other features of high risk. Because the protocol demands that the Emergency department doctor teleconsult with a MOH officer before submitting or sending a throat swab, this was not understood, especially when the MOH officer did not agree with the need for the swab or testing!
Thus, this artificial stumbling block is yet another area of gap for public-doctor misunderstanding. It is therefore, not simply a question of compliance, the ground rules are fluid and are not black or white!
This pre-approval necessity for H1N1 virus testing is making it very hard for doctors out there who are facing daily demands from worried ILI patients to be tested. Almost invariably there will be those who feel that their illness is more serious than what some of us doctors would feel otherwise, even after full examination/reassurance—so what do we do then?
In the early phases, can this ailment be so readily distinguishable from other more benign colds and other URTIs? Are we expected to be spot-on diagnosticians who must get this correct every time? Would our patients and the MOH officials understand this difficulty?
Or should we expand our testing facilities much more widely until this can be performed on demand by anyone, anytime? Would this be too expensive and would we really have sufficient test kits to answer to this need? Is this really necessary and shouldn't our citizens be made more aware of this, so that they do not panic and demand unnecessarily?
In fact, although in our frustration, the media and some of our officials may wish to find someone at fault, it is more likely that there are real logistic problems on the ground, rather than non-compliance on the part of some doctors, clinics, or even hospitals—be they private or public institutions!
We must strive to iron out some of these glitches, these inconsistencies, and perhaps, where posible, allow every health facility (public or private) to carry out such heavy demands for testing, treatment, since almost every interested physician and major medical facility have already been empowered to now treat the more seriously complicated H1N1 patient.
We have to make the handling of this pandemic easier and less bureaucratic... If the WHO projection is to be believed, it will become even more devastating once the spread escalates to unimaginable proportions!
At a recent briefing to the National Influenza Pandemic Task Force meeting (29 July 2009), Dato' Dr Tee Ah Sian, Director of communicable diseases of WHO, painted a possible scenario for the Malaysian H1N1 pandemic. While I do not wish to be alarmist, it is good to at least recognise the least impact scenario which has been projected.
For our 27.7 million population, if simply 20% are at risk and exposed, then some 5.5 million people will contract the H1N1 flu. Based on other serious influenza statistics, if 2% to 9% require hospitalisation then, some 110,000 to 500,000, respectively, would need hospital care.
From these numbers, if we estimate the case fatality rate to be from 0.1% to 0.5%, then some 5,500 to 28,000 of infected patients would die, respectively. In the latest updates of the most seriously ill patients identified and confirmed infections, the global case fatality rate has risen from the 0.4% to 0.66%...
So, the hardnosed reality is that it is more than likely that the worse is yet to come. We can only hope that this is the worst case scenario!
In the meantime, let's keep cool heads, and work together. We must maintain, even heighten our sense of vigilance, so as not to miss out the more serious complications and the more potentially at risk people, so that we can help reduce the death rate.
This pandemic is expected to linger on for at least a year or two, before it burns itself out, by hopefully mutating into a more benign form, indistinguishable from the seasonal flu bugs; or because it is finally controlled to near-eradication by specific vaccines.
But there is that possibility that it may also mutate by reassortment into a far more lethal form, that much feared second or third wave, which would then demolish all our efforts achieved thus far!
Of course, if this does not pan out, then hooray for us! We'd have survived the wiser, slightly poorer, bruised, but alive and healthy! A "Y2K-like non-event" would be a most welcome projection, if and when this does come to pass!
But, we are not anywhere near out of the woods as yet. So let's be vigilantly proactive, while remaining socially responsible.
The Health Ministry can only help put in place some instruments to help mitigate and systematically monitor the spread, but it cannot ensure our own personal health safety on this H1N1 outbreak.
Only we as individuals and groups, can. We will all have to do our part.
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